Inventions and Inventors of the 18th Century

The 18th century, also referred to as the 1700s, marked the beginning of the first Industrial Revolution. Modern manufacturing began with steam engines replacing animal labor. The 18th century also saw the widespread replacement of manual labor by new inventions and machinery. The 18th century was also part of the The Age of Enlightenment,  a  historical period characterized by a shift away from traditional religious forms of authority  and a move towards science and rational thought. The effects of 18th-century enlightenment led to the American Revolutionary War and the French Revolution. The 18th century also saw the spread of capitalism  and the increased availability of printed materials. Here is a timeline of the major inventions of the 18th century.   1701 Jethro Tull invents the seed drill. 1709 Bartolomeo Cristofori invents the piano. 1711 Englishmen John Shore invents the tuning fork. 1712 Thomas Newcomen patents the atmospheric steam engine. 1717 Edmond Halley invents the diving bell. 1722 French C. Hopffer patents the fire extinguisher. 1724 Gabriel Fahrenheit invents the first mercury thermometer. 1733 John Kay invents the flying shuttle. 1745 E.G. von Kleist invents the Leyden jar, the first electrical capacitor. 1752 Benjamin Franklin invents the  lightning rod. 1755 Samuel Johnson publishes the first English language dictionary on April 15th after nine years of writing.   1757 John Campbell invents the  sextant. 1758 Dolland invents a chromatic lens. 1761 Englishmen John Harrison invents the navigational clock, or  marine chronometer,  for measuring longitude. 1764 James Hargreaves invents the  spinning jenny. 1767 Joseph Priestley  invents carbonated water, or  soda water. 1768 Richard Arkwright patents the  spinning frame. 1769 James Watt  invents an improved steam engine. 1774 Georges Louis Lesage patents the electric telegraph. 1775 Alexander Cummings invents the  flush toilet.Jacques Perrier invents a steamship. 1776 David Bushnell  invents a submarine. 1779 Samuel Crompton  invents the  spinning mule. 1780 Benjamin Franklin invents  bifocal eyeglasses.Gervinus of Germany invents the circular saw. 1783 Louis Sebastien  demonstrates the first parachute.Benjamin Hanks patents the self-winding clock.The  Montgolfier brothers  invent the hot-air balloon.Englishmen  Henry Cort invents the steel roller for steel production. 1784 Andrew Meikle invents the threshing machine.Joseph Bramah  invents the safety lock. 1785 Edmund Cartwright invents the  power loom.Claude Berthollet invents chemical bleaching.Charles Augustus Coulomb invents the torsion balance.Jean Pierre Blanchard  invents a working parachute. 1786 John Fitch  invents the  steamboat. 1789 The  guillotine  is invented. 1790 The United States issued its first patent to William Pollard of Philadelphia for a machine that roves and spins cotton. 1791 John Barber invents the gas turbine.Early bicycles are invented in Scotland. 1792 William Murdoch invents  gas lighting.The first  ambulance  arrives. 1794 Eli Whitney  patents the cotton gin.Welshmen  Philip Vaughan invents ball bearings. 1795 Francois Appert invents the preserving jar of food. 1796 Edward Jenner develops the  vaccination  for smallpox. 1797 Amos Whittemore patents a carding machine.A British inventor named Henry Maudslay invents the first metal or precision lathe. 1798 The first soft drink is invented.Aloys Senefelder invents lithography. 1799 Alessandro Volta  invents the battery.Louis Robert invents the Fourdrinier Machine for sheet papermaking.

President Obamas Child Farm Labor Bill - 1086 Words

President Obama wanted to pass a bill that would prevent young farm workers from participating in farm-related activities and chores. Billed as an anti-child labor act, the bill was quickly censured. As Leven puts it, the proposal drew heavy criticism from rural-state lawmakers and agricultural leaders, who cast the rule as government overreach that would erode the traditional American family. The traditional American family in this case is a rural one, which is an under-represented segment of the population in federal politics. In addition to the way the bill harms traditional rural life, it would also have significantly harmed the American economy at a time when the economy needs a boost. Farm families rely on a continuity of labor, so that the young people on the family can learn the trade as early as possible to support their future careers. Moreover, the bill represents an unnecessary encroachment of both the government and big labor on farming practices. Part of the bills provi sion was to create a government intervention to oversee occupational safety, when there are already independent organizations committed to meeting the same objectives. President Obamas proposed child farm labor bill was untenable because it would damage traditional rural family life; harm a significant part of the American economy; and enable government and big labor to intrude upon the lives of Americans. President Obamas child farm labor bill would apply child labor laws to childrenShow MoreRelatedThe Impact Of National Relations Labor Act ( Nlra ) And The Fair Labor Standards Act1181 Words   |  5 PagesLabor Legislation in the 20th Century Much of what we know about the improvements in the workforce came from 20th century advancements with the workforce that we know today. Important developments came in the form of methodology and data collection efforts. The 20th century was a remarkable period for the American workers. 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Gay and Lesbian Theater Free Essays

â€Å"Gay and Lesbian Theater† Gay and Lesbian themes were introduced into the theater before the 1960s. Long before homosexual characters were seen in American plays on a regular basis, there were isolated incidents when a gay or lesbian appeared in the plot; they were called freaks when doing so. Many people were often offended by homosexuality. We will write a custom essay sample on Gay and Lesbian Theater or any similar topic only for you Order Now Cross dressing was used in performances that raised concerns about sexual and gender roles: men dressed in drag and women wore men clothing. Festivals were used to educate and entertain audiences. The theater festival was introduced to spread awareness on issues, themes, and problems that deals with gay and lesbian lifestyles in the theater. Edward Albee, William Inge, and Tennessee Williams all introduced works in the mainstream. The mainstream theatre is embracing theatre with Gay and Lesbian themes. Sometimes the move forward is furiously examined by Gays and Lesbians, like for the various performances of straight Vivienne Laxdal ‘s Karla and Grif. Many gays and lesbians found it offensive for its stereotypical lesbian characters and others found it refreshing for its depiction of the fluidity of sexuality. Other works such as The Boys in the Band has been successful at bringing out this sexuality. In 1980 a play as such was proven to be enjoyable and considered a new kind of play. Dealing with issues of gays is being expressed more often. In certain dramas, lifestyles of gays and lesbians were forthrightly presented. A sense of urgency was engendered by the AIDS crisis and gay rights as another concerned issue. Viewing a play like this myself tells me that it’s very true. Many people came out to see La Cage Aux Folles when I believed it would not be interesting or crowded. Other people know if actors are gay, lesbian, or bisexual, but few people would disagree that the theater world is friendly toward a variety of nonconformist than most professional fields. Same-sex love has been associated with acting for over 2000 years in the west during Roman times. It has been said that these types of relationships are accepted in this type of profession because it’s considered the least respectful environment. Viewers are less likely to accept same-sex lovers than the company who hires them. The text stated that gay, lesbian, and bisexual actors support the Queer Theory considers the â€Å"performative† nature of gender: the idea that gender â€Å"identity† is actually nothing more than a â€Å"role† actor learns to do what’s necessary. Actors may be more skilled at their role with this type of experiment and not be judged by society, if that statement is true. Living double lives in the theater wasn’t very hard to do. Publicist often manipulated the media making easier for actors to do so. Actors such as Montgomery Clift, James Dean, Greta Garbo, Cary Grant, and Randolph Scott lived these constricted lives. The text stated that 29 percent of Americans would be â€Å"less interested† in seeing their favorite actor perform in a movie or TV show if they learned that he or she was â€Å"gay† in 1995. Many actors who were gay often didn’t want their named linked to anything they choose to provide to the media. Gay and lesbian actors are more seen in films and on stage a lot more today. Sexuality is still a question rather it should be should treated as heterosexuals would still remains. You can enjoy an ordinary film the same you would a film with homosexuals. As I stated early I’ve viewed a play with men dressed in drag as well as men dating women in a play. Their acting skills are just the same. Who or how they choose to live their personal lives doesn’t affect their acting skills. Some viewers still don’t agree with it along with critic but it’s amongst our society within all cultures. Bibliography Hischak, Gerald Bordman and Thomas S. â€Å"Gay and Lesbian Theatre in America. † 2004. The Oxford Companion to America Theater. 20 April 2010 ;http://www. encyclopedia. com;. ;. Hudson, Steve Hogan and Lee. Completely Queer: The Gay and Lesbian Encyclopedia. Markham: Henry Holt and Company Inc. , 1998. Wilson, Edwin. The Theatre Experience. 11th. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2009. How to cite Gay and Lesbian Theater, Essay examples

Case Study Analysis of Volkswagen - Free Assignment Sample

Question: Discuss about theCase Study Analysis Of Volkswagen. Answer: Possible Accounting Issues Faced by Volkswagen: The engine related scandal in relation of Volkswagen (VW) has major impacts on the accounting and financial reporting of the company. Accounting issues refer to the problems faced by a company in respect of its accounting practices that can even be highlighted in the auditors statement (Cucchiella et al. 2015). The engine scandal that came into light about VW has resulted in allocation of additional costs by the company to deal with the legal claims made by EPA. This allocation of additional funds requires separate accounting treatment by the company. Here, it is vital to understand if the company needs to show this additional costs in the income statement as a loss from business operations or in the form of administrative expenses or operational expenses. However, if the amounts are shown as an administrative or operational expenses then question can be raised as these payments are not recurring in nature. Similarly, unless the allocated expenses results in the outflow of cash it wo uld not be shown in the cash flow statement (Kothari and Lester, 2012). In addition, allocation of such funds needs to be spread over the entire period proportionately in which it is used. Other accounting issues could involve provision for doubtful debts on debtors because the spread of the information in the market might make dealers of VW hesitant to make payment due to high chances of poor sales in the coming years (El Kasmioui and Ceulemans, 2013). Other issues include probable high inventory level due to product recall. All these aspects might actually affect the profitability and financial position of VW. Adherence to International Financial Regulatory Standards (IFRS) could become difficult as well (Zhuang and Luo, 2015). This can be explained by the complexities involving the nature of transactions indulged in by VW as a result of the scandal affecting it for the past couple of years. Impact of the Scandal on Stakeholders: Stakeholders refer to the parties holding certain interests and powers in a particular company (Wang, 2014). A company operates with the cooperation of all these stakeholders. Therefore, it is the responsibility of a company meet the expectations of stakeholders. In current scenario, the major stakeholders of VW are shareholders, creditors, suppliers, employees and customers. These stakeholders are affected by the decision making of VW and the scandal taken place recently. On the other hand, Joshi et al. (2013) mentioned that analyzing the impact of a decision on the stakeholders is the best way of ensuring that the stakeholders can be satisfied. Focus on short-term gains seems to be the main factor behind VW engaging in providing unethical software in engines to pass environmental tests in a fraudulent manner. On the other hand, the strategy of the company to recall a large number of vehicles seems to be following Toyotas strategy earlier. On the other hand, VW seems to be regaining the trust of the customers and show that it cares for the customers and other stakeholders. The impact of the scandal on each of the above mentioned stakeholders are discussed here. Shareholders are those people who have invested money in a company to get suitable returns from there. Shareholders provide the required capital to a company. Thus, no need to say that the shareholders of a company holds immense power and strong interest in a company because the decision making of a company impacts the wealth of shareholders. Shareholders are mainly concerned with Earnings per Share (EPS), dividend payouts and others. The scandal of VW and actions taken by the company has badly affected its financial performance which would further have a negative impact on the shareholders. On the other hand, creditors are the providers of debt capital to a company. As mentioned by Doucette et al. (2012), creditors expect timely payment, bulk orders and long-term business contracts with firms. However, in the current scenario, the operations and financial position of VW has experienced a setbac k through additional costs to deal with the scandal and recall of a large number of vehicles. This might lower the purchase requirements of the company which would affect the suppliers. Similarly, weak cash flow position of VW can result in increase in the payment period to creditors (Stubbs et al. 2013). Good quality products is the principle expectation of customers and that customers hold considerable power to VW as customers are the source of direct revenue generation. In present context, VW has failed to keep with the trust of the customers. This can also cause customers to switch over to other brands. Thus, the customers of VW have been badly affected by the software related manipulation in the VW cars. In the view of Kraft (2014), no company can think of delivering excellent services to the customers without considering the employees as workforce is one of the greatest resource to any organization. Good salary increment, bonuses and job promotion are some of the common expect ations of employees. The employees of VW have also been badly affected by the scandal and decision taken by the company as the same might have a negative impact on their performance appraisal. There are various theories that might be applicable to VW considering the given scenario. The major theories are stakeholder theory, RBV theory and process theory. Stakeholder theory deals with the problems that an organization faces in respect of managing its stakeholders. Stakeholder theory suggest that it is one of the principle responsibilities of an organization to meet the expectations of the stakeholders (Palea and Maino, 2013). However, an organization may also face certain challenges in this regard, agency conflict being the most common one. Resource Based View (RBV) theory deals with the resources or assets held by an organization. RBV theory states that an organization needs to identify its most valuable assets and work on using the same to increase its competitive advantage over the rivals in the market. As per the RBV theory, organizations need to conduct Valuable Rare Inimitable and Non-substitutable (VRIN) analysis to identify assets which are increasing its competitiv e advantage over the rivals (Rensburg and Botha, 2014). An organization should hold only those assets and dispose-off the ones which does not meet any criteria. On the other hand, process theory could be yet another interesting theory in context of the scandal of VW. Process theory of management lays stress on the decision making process rather than the decision itself. As mentioned by Peters (2009), process theory holds that if the decision making process is appropriate then the concerned decision would also be appropriate. This theory could help in understanding and evaluating the decision making process of VW in regards to the scandal. However, after discussing the above theories, the stakeholder theory seems to be most appropriate to the current situation as the same could help VW in managing the different needs, perceptions and interests of various stakeholders. This can also be justified by the fact that VW is facing good will risk, loss of reputation, fall in brand equity and similar other issues as a result of the scandal. Therefore, stakeholder theory could help the company in resolving the issues currently faced by it. In addition, application of stakeholder theory could also help the organization in addressing the concerns of its stakeholders and regain the confidence of the stakeholders on the company. As per the accounting theories, VW can show the additional costs incurred in connection with dealing the scandal over a long period of time. This could help in protecting the company from serious losses in the current years which could be tough to recover in future. Spreading the costs over couple of years would reduce the burden on profit margin of the company. On the other hand, there is a strong chance that the EPA might impose some high penalties on the company. This needs due consideration as per the doctrine of conservatism which suggests that a company should not recognize anticipated profits but should account for anticipated losses. Hence, it is advisable for VW to create a provision against potential penalties that might be charged by the EPA. Creating such fund could help the company in saving the cash flow position in the year in which such penalties are made. Reference List: Cucchiella, F., DAdamo, I. and Gastaldi, M., 2015. Financial analysis for investment and policy decisions in the renewable energy sector.Clean Technologies and Environmental Policy,17(4), pp. 887-904. Doucette, W.R., McDonough, R.P., Mormann, M.M., Vaschevici, R., Urmie, J.M. and Patterson, B.J., 2012. Three-year financial analysis of pharmacy services at an independent community pharmacy.Journal of the American Pharmacists Association,52(2), pp. 181-187. El Kasmioui, O. and Ceulemans, R., 2013. Financial analysis of the cultivation of short rotation woody crops for bioenergy in Belgium: barriers and opportunities.BioEnergy Research,6(1), pp. 336-350. Joshi, M., Cahill, D., Sidhu, J. and Kansal, M., 2013. Intellectual capital and financial performance: an evaluation of the Australian financial sector.Journal of intellectual capital,14(2), pp.264-285. Kothari, S.P. and Lester, R., 2012. The role of accounting in the financial crisis: Lessons for the future.Accounting Horizons,26(2), pp.335-351. Kraft, P., 2014. Rating agency adjustments to GAAP financial statements and their effect on ratings and credit spreads.The Accounting Review,90(2), pp.641-674. Palea, V. and Maino, R., 2013. Private equity fair value measurement: a critical perspective on IFRS 13.Australian Accounting Review,23(3), pp.264-278. Peters, G., 2009. Fixing the financial system.Business Strategy Review, 20(3), pp. 12-17. Rensburg, R. and Botha, E., 2014. Is Integrated Reporting the silver bullet of financial communication? A stakeholder perspective from South Africa.Public Relations Review,40(2), pp.144-152. Stubbs, W., Higgins, C. and Milne, M., 2013. Why do companies not produce sustainability reports?.Business strategy and the environment,22(7), pp.456-470. Wang, C., 2014. Accounting standards harmonization and financial statement comparability: Evidence from transnational information transfer.Journal of Accounting Research,52(4), pp.955-992. Zhuang, X. and Luo, Y., 2015. Relevance between the degree of industrial competition and fair value information: Study on the listed companies in China.Journal of Industrial Engineering and Management,8(3), p.894.

Sexual issues free essay sample

Life is good, Moored life is messy. Many social problems have surfaced in all new forms, and they affect the life of all people some way or somehow. But still the world turns and fights on so that these issues dont eat at us. But sex though, one of the greatest gifts of life: that makes life, helps us live life and Is life; now seems to be a problem to life. Transforming Into an Issue to mankind, and more problematic to the present college student. People may wonder why this comes as a problem, because everyone needs to have seer or at list that swims wrought the minds of the existed and discombobulate students, Students tend to view sex as just some hobby that makes them FLT in, or shows them to be a so called mature individual. But looking at sex form these stand points are not wise In any form. We will write a custom essay sample on Sexual issues or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Whereas sex Is health and has many countless benefits to man and woman; may they be homo, bee or metro sexual, sex is good. But where there is good must be evil, so sex does have some negative impacts especially when looks at from these stand points. Negative impacts such as upland pregnancy and 1 out of 4 unplanned regencies are genuinely accepted. Reasons being that being a mother and or a father Is a great responsibly. Taking cure of a little baby is a very big Job. And In your early levels of college education a child is more than Just a distraction, but a whole new life style. Even more stressful than getting a child from the sex is getting a curse from sex. Because Just as how sex can bring new life to earth so It can take life from earth. AIDS and or HIVE does wonders to the mind and body in such a way, that it most times leads to death. Even though we all are walking to death, no one whats to run there. Hence why these problems was, are, and will always be a true issue and a form of stress on college students. But luckily there is this great practice called abstinence, but when something Is as good as sex. One doesnt simply stop at one slice of sweet heaven. So even more luckily there are what they call condoms and other ways of practicing safe sex. And by doing so will prevent or and solve these problems. But even as these are some problems there are more problems at hand, where he type of sex you have may not be pleasing to the people around you. Especially as children living in Dominica; acceptance from ma underpinnings is very influential on your life. Because not having sex Is a problem; having sex Is a problem; having behind sex is very much a problem; having sex out of your age range is a problem, having too much sex, shouldnt, but still is a problem. These and more will all open you too criticism. And the truly best way to solve this problem that Dominica seems to have with its win people is to say for give them, because life is full of Judgment and you Just need to pick which ones youll let affect your life. So basically sex is lovely, its a great gift from God, its healthy when done safely, and even more secularly enticing when done properly. So choosing to have sex Is not when hot take a wet bath; when hard find somewhere soft; finally, when your happy and you know what youre doing, worry less about other input on your life, once you know what your doing is right. Alphorns. T Bell

Children in Competitive Sports Essay Essays

Children in Competitive Sports Essay Essays Children in Competitive Sports Essay Paper Children in Competitive Sports Essay Paper As more parents enroll their kids into competitory athleticss like football. gymnastic exercises. and swimming to call a few. the contention whether this type of competitory engagement is good or non go on to turn. Supporters for competitory athleticss propose statements like it encourages physical activity and Teachs good character while oppositions claim that athleticss are no longer merriment for the kids and advance an inappropriate win-at-all cost outlook. [ The best via media would be to offer a low-pressure merriment environment from the managers and parents that emphasize that kids have an gratifying time. ] The chief supporting statement to let kids to play athleticss is because it offers a healthy avenue for physical activity. A survey had linked a sedentary life style with â€Å"the development of cardiovascular disease. diabetes mellitus and obesity† in grownups with their beginnings rooted in their childhood ( Massin ) . Even more. many of today’s kids do non acquire adequate physical activity. disbursement about 20 hours a hebdomad in forepart of a telecasting. doing it the most clip spent on any one activity besides sleeping ( Boyse and Song â€Å"Television† ) . As a consequence. about a one-fourth of all kids in America are considered corpulent harmonizing to Boyse ( Obesity and Overweight ) . One ground is likely due to the deficiency of physical activity today’s kids engage in. An easy manner to forestall kids from going corpulent is to promote them to play a athletics which requires them to remain physically active. Besides. harmonizing to the consequences of a research done by a group on the cardiorespiratory system of kids. they recommended â€Å"controlled physical competitory activity in kids because of its benefits on cardiorespiratory map and the absence of inauspicious effects† ( Caballero 371 ) . Children besides learn many good values from take parting in athleticss and from winning and losing games. Sheehy learned the value of working difficult and persisting through hard times. Many times he wanted to discontinue because he wasn’t good plenty for the squad. but he was encouraged by his male parent to go on practising and as an terminal consequence of his difficult work. he made his high school varsity hoops squad ( Sheehy 19-21 ) . In add-on. Sheehy believes losing is a great manner to learn many of import lessons to kids like commanding their emotions and happening positive facets in a bad state of affairs. Furthermore. Sheehy believes that a squad has much more room for betterment after sing a loss than a win ( 70-73 ) . Finally. winning is a good thing excessively. It gives kids a end to work difficult towards and the feeling of triumph is a great wages for an full season’s worth of difficult work and pattern ( Sundberg 71 ) . In add-on. engagement in competitory athleticss is a great manner to learn kids many of import lessons that can be applied subsequently in life. A survey found that kids who participated in athleticss by and large scored higher for fight. However. in the same survey. they found that kids who didn’t play athleticss exhibited higher marks of restlessness and aggression ( Kanda ) . This was likely because the kids who participated in athleticss had developed a better character through playing athleticss. Furthermore. harmonizing to Heckler. some signifier of competition in immature kids is a good thing because it is one of the chief motivational factors behind success in the existent universe beyond athleticss. If a individual lacks a competitory thrust to win and puts no attempt into anything they do. so they will neer acquire anyplace in life ( Heckler ) . Besides. most athleticss require some grade of teamwork and cooperation in order to be successful. Therefore. teamwork can learn kids from an early age that it is necessary to work together and associate with one another in order to win ( Sundberg 72 ) . In add-on. it is possible for kids to cognize who they truly are and their ain physical and mental bounds through athleticss. They will be able to happen out what their strengths and failings are and can better their ain character by take parting in athleticss ( Sundberg 71 ) However. there are many grounds why kids quit competitory athleticss ; the figure one being because it was no longer merriment ( Engh 132 ) . Harmonizing to the National Alliance for Sports. 70 per centum of kids quit competitory athleticss by the age of 13 and neer return to play competitively once more ( Kendrick ) . Most of the clip. these kids quit because their managers and parents began to stress other things like winning alternatively of holding merriment. The manager might non give everyone equal playing clip. merely seting out his best participants for games and non giving some of the lesser skilled participants any clip at all ( Engh 85 ) . Furthermore. harmonizing to a canvass of 26. 000 kids. the figure one ground why they played athleticss was â€Å"for fun† ( Team Sports ) . Children normally have fun in athleticss because there is small force per unit area to stand out and they enjoy larning the basic accomplishments and basicss of a game. However. â€Å"making childs dressed ore on one athletics frequently takes the merriment out of it† ( Senay 239 ) . When parents start coercing their kids to go to pattern against their will. the kids begin to comprehend it as work and non as merriment and that is when they want to discontinue. The figure two ground why kids quit competitory athleticss was that there was excessively much force per unit area on winning ( Engh 132 ) . Many children’s enthusiasm for the athletics declines as the manager begins to stress winning. In the same canvass inquiring 26. 000 kids why they played athleticss. winning came in ten percent after bettering accomplishments and remaining in form ( Team Sports ) . Obviously. winning means much more to the parents and managers than to the existent participants themselves. It is of import to retrieve that these games are supposed to be for the kids and non a manner for parents to populate their hopes and dreams or past declinations and failures through their kids. Parents and managers should maintain in head that the participants of these competitory athleticss are kids who are looking for a merriment clip. non professional jocks whose lone occupation is to win. Another statement that opponents citation is that it is non safe for the kids. An overpowering bulk of voluntary managers are non decently trained for safely learning kids how to play athleticss ( Engh 81 ) . Many of these voluntary managers are normally male parents who have volunteered for the place because no 1 else was willing to make it. Therefore. many of them have non gone through basic preparation to give lessons decently and safely. Even worse. sometimes even the properly trained managers may ignore warning symptoms of exhaustion. heat hyperpyrexia. or hurting by coercing the kids to â€Å"tough it out† and hold a butch attitude during pattern and disregard any uncomfortableness they might see. However this â€Å"no hurting. no gain† outlook may hold unanticipated effects by doing serious athletics hurts alternatively of doing the kids stronger and tougher jocks ( Senay 242 ) . Besides. some managers may use insecure patterns so they can hold an advantage over the competition. One narrative went like this. A female parent came to pattern early to pick up her boy and found him in the coach’s auto with the heat turned on high while wrapped in plastic bags. The coach’s program was to coerce the male child to sudate out 7 lbs so he could do the 98 lb weight bound. Unfortunately. the coach’s ignorance and carelessness put a child’s life at hazard merely so his squad could hold an advantage in the upcoming season. Even worse. narratives like these can be seen in newspapers across the state on a day-to-day footing ( Engh 91 ) . Finally. kids may non develop good character because they are surrounded by and larning from hapless illustrations. The thought that kids learn by illustration and non words is even more applicable in competitory athleticss. Children are surprisingly observant about an adult’s actions. A survey which interviewed youth athleticss participants for moral issues they encountered in athleticss found that there were three chief jobs they had experienced which were equity of adult’s actions. negative game behaviours. and negative squad behaviours ( Stuart ) . Besides. the activities of boisterous parents during featuring events are likely the farthest thing from learning good character to their kids. Some parents can go excessively enthusiastic particularly when their kids are playing and may do riotous scenes if they believe that there was an unjust opinion against their kids. Furthermore. these riotous scenes may intensify into existent physical battles among parents. In one intelligence narrative. one hockey player’s male parent started a battle with another player’s male parent on the opposing squad over a little dissension. It ended with one adult male killed and the other charged with manslaughter. As the narrative goes. while one pa was crushing on the other adult male. his boy begged for him to halt and tried to draw his pa away while he continued to assail the other adult male ( Hegedus. â€Å"Sports Rage† ) . Another narrative made headlines when a bash started in Los Angeles affecting more than 30 grownups while they were watching a football game of 14 twelvemonth olds ( Parents Fight. ) . Even though these are utmost illustrations. they are get downing to go common happenings in the bleachers. Finally. I have to inquire. is this truly the sort of character that parents want to exhibit and learn to their kids? In drumhead. there are strong grounds on both sides why competitory athleticss should be prohibited or allowed. Research shows and recommends that playing athleticss is a great manner for kids to remain healthy. Besides. by playing athleticss. kids can larn how to cover with the worlds of life and see the wagess of difficult work. On the contrary though. many kids enroll in competitory athleticss because they originally perceived it to be merriment. However. as kids grow older and competition becomes more intense. athleticss may get down being seen as work and non play. Furthermore. competitory athleticss may non be as safe for kids as it is presently perceived. Untrained manager voluntaries and insecure patterns may take to lasting hurt to kids. Finally. because kids can be exposed to hapless function theoretical accounts like boisterous parents and managers. they may non be able to develop a good moral character if they are to larn from them by illustration. I think that the best via media between the two sides would be to offer a low force per unit area environment that emphasizes holding fun in athleticss. The chief ground kids take part in athleticss is so they can hold fun so it would be in the children’s best involvement to offer them merely that. One manner to make a low force per unit area environment is to non maintain tonss or statistics like points made or batting norms. In fact. it may besides be good if the tonss were non displayed during games excessively. Alternatively. points would be marked in secret and softly so that the parents would non go unruly particularly if the game becomes intense. In add-on. there should be a demand by all household members of participants to subscribe a codification of behavior that they will â€Å"uphold a certain criterion of behaviour and exhibit good sportsmanship† as some conferences have already implemented ( Hegedus. â€Å"Silent Saturdays and Oaths† ) . Finally. it may be a good thought to delegate people to invariably supervise the parents and halt any riotous behaviour before it can acquire out of control ( Engh 158 ) . In add-on. all managers should be decently trained in learning kids and supervising their wellness. They should emphasize keeping a healthy pattern environment like guaranting that their participants get equal H2O and take necessary interruptions if the twenty-four hours is highly hot or if they experience any kind of bad hurting. Furthermore. voluntaries should be required to take some basic categories and hold some type of enfranchisement so that they are decently trained in learning kids safely. Besides. contrary to belief. a enfranchisement demand would non discourage voluntaries. A survey done by Northern Kentucky University found that people would instead volunteer for a squad that required certified voluntaries and that a preparation demand and fee â€Å"would non deter them from volunteering to coach† ( Engh 160 ) . Finally. managers should be good cognizant that every individual one of their actions can hold an impact. whether positive or negative. on their squad. The kids are looking up to the managers as a leader and it is the coach’s occupation to be a good function theoretical account for them. In add-on to managers. parents should be good educated about how their actions can impact their kids. Coachs should keep regular compulsory meetings with lone parents and explain in item what the season will imply. how the kids are expected to act. and most significantly. what the function of the parents should be. Besides. if the parents are non able to go to these meetings. so the kid should non be able to play. Harmonizing to Engh. he has found this method of forced engagement to be really effectual in converting the parents to go to these types of meetings ( 154 ) . Children should besides be informed that it is appropriate if they complain about a certain pattern the manager is making. The kids should be encouraged and experience safe to speak about anything and everything with their parents who should in bend listen carefully for any marks of bad pattern or maltreatment. Besides. I think that implementing a confidential hotline to describe opprobrious patterns for each part could assist cut down bad coaching patterns. In decision. I think that competitory athleticss are a great manner for childs to merely hold merriment and bask their young person. However. it is of import that athleticss corsets merriment for the kids and non hold excessively enthusiastic parents or managers who are willing to win at all costs ruin their merriment. Even though there are many good grounds why competitory athleticss should be banned. there are every bit valid grounds why competitory athleticss should be allowed. Finally. kids originally started playing athleticss because they wanted a merriment and gratifying clip with other childs. It is clip that we returned the merriment to the kids playing athleticss and halt seeking to enforce grownup criterions on them. Cited Sources Boyse. Kyla. â€Å"Obesity and Overweight. † November 2004. University of Michigan Health Systems. 9 June 2005. Boyse. Kyla and Ellen Song. â€Å"Television. † July 2004. University of Michigan wellness Systems. 9 June 2005. Caballero. Jaraba. et Al. â€Å"Effects of Physical Exercise on the Cardio Respiratory System of Children. † An Esp Pediatr April 1999:367-372. PubMed. Bellevue Community College Library Media Center. 9 June 2005. Engh. Fred. Why Johhny Hates Sports. New York: Avery. 1999 Heckler. Tim. â€Å"Competition Prepares Players for Life Beyond Sports. † February 1999. United States Professional Tennis Organization. 3 June 2005.

The ethical way forward for procurement of organs Essay

The ethical way forward for procurement of organs - Essay Example This dissertation attempts to evaluate the current practice in organ donation and evaluate the relevance of ethical and legal issues relating to it in the modern world. It will also contain an analysis of what procedure should be followed in the future for the procurement and transplantation of organs and tissues. The study will lay specific emphasis on: a) Issue of presuming consent for organ donation. b) Ethical and legal issues about the procurement of organs. c) Xenotransplantation. d) procurement of organs from other species e) Commoditization of organs Organ procurement is a significant practice in the medical industry since it profoundly aids in saving lives of people who have defects in the organs that are vital for their survival. It is a good thing to save lives of people whenever means are available to save life of the people with organ donation. Without adequate possibility of procurement of organs, these people would be disadvantaged. Therefore, procurement is extremely important for the welfare of humankind. However, in the present day, concerns regarding the whole system of organ procurement have arisen, bringing into light various ethical and legal issues relating to it. ... ground: According to the Medical Conditions Dictionary (2010), organ procurement is a set of procedures that includes the administrative, authoritative and ethical processes observed in the acquisition of organs for transplant via affiliations, systems or programmes. The organ procurement procedure refers to obtaining consent from the donors or their family and close relatives and the transportation of the organs harvested from the donor to the respective health centres for further medical processing and eventual transplant into the recipient. Organ procurement began as a basic endeavour when affiliations that specialized in kidney transplantation obtained organs and used them to save lives in the same facility. As the demand for organs grew and the transplantation of other organs, such as the heart, small intestines, pancreas, liver and lungs, became successful in practice, the need to develop enhanced and ethical organ procurement, distribution and sharing agreements became crucial (Mancini et al. 2010). Because of the high demand for organs for transplant in current times, numerous organizations, through the efforts of physicians, scholars and medical personnel, have started attempting to counteract the acute shortage to avoid deaths. The ever-increasing shortage of organs requires society to decide on specific yielding policies on procurement. In many countries, like the US, procurement of organs requires the explicit consent of the donor prior to his or her death. This policy is known as an opting-in system or expressed consent. In accordance with this policy, if an individual aspires to donate his organs after death, he should express this consent by signing a donor card. Explicit consent is always considered as the informed consent of prospective donors. This

Strategic Management Case Study Analysis Adam Aircrafts Term Paper

Strategic Management Case Study Analysis Adam Aircrafts - Term Paper Example A strategy is the game plan the company is using to stake out market position, conducts its activities, attract and service customers, compete successfully for achieving its organizational objectives and encompasses mobilization of resources, perceiving and utilizing the opportunities, managing risks in its operations, resolving uncertainties and meeting challenges and threats for survival and success. The corporate strategy should be flexible, dynamic and is generally long term in nature. In this paper strategic management with reference to Adam Aircrafts has been studied for identifying the objectives of the company, problems faced by the company and the causes for such problems, strengths and weaknesses of the company, the opportunities in the industry, the external threats in relation to its operations and strategies of the company for a careful analysis and possible solutions and recommendations. The promoter’s or the management’s views and conclusions about the company’s direction and the product-customer-market-technology focus constitute a strategic vision for the business. The promoter Rick Adam, a licensed pilot for over 18 years, hailing from a family of aviators with his successful foray into IT field had a vision on aviation sector. The company was closed and now Triton America is redesigning the A500 and A700 with the intent to return the aircraft to production at the  Port of Skagit County, Washington. (Wikipedia, 2010) The mission of the enterprise has not changed, that is building smaller and lighter aircraft designed for the most common trip length and passenger load to deliver optimal efficiency. Also, the company wants to focus on personal jet aircraft for the average mission of less than a two-hour flight, with three and a half people on board. Though it could be construed as a narrow segmentation, the idea of the company could be to es tablish itself in niche market, though

Oil Struggle and the Fight for Power Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Oil Struggle and the Fight for Power - Essay Example Possession of oil has been the cause of geopolitical and economic conflicts, most of which led to war. The endowment of oil reserve is not a guarantee of a nation’s rise to world power. Rather, their liberal supply of oil serves as a threat to their security. Over the years, Middle East remains to be the region with the bountiful amount of oil. Dietrich mentioned that Saudi Arabia, Iraq, and Kuwait are three of the Middle Eastern countries that are capable of supplying billions of oil barrels. It is noteworthy that countries with large oil reserves have been in constant conflicts. The recent US occupation of Iraq in 2003 made a remarkable impact on the oil economy. Iraq has the third largest oil reserve in the world. Upon the conclusion of the war in Iraq, people have come to pay attention to the true aim of the war. The inability of US to find the alleged weapons of mass destruction contained in Iraq has led many to assume that America’s dwindling supply of oil is the main purpose of the intervention. The fear of the disruption in oil supply has been constantly thriving in the global atmosphere. As the demands for oil consumption continuously grow, the world market can expect oil to reach skyrocket prices. This threat motivates everybody, most industrialized nations, to take actions. If the increasing demand for oil does not cease, the future of oil industry in the Middle East can take one of two paths. Firstly, Middle East’s oil reserves can be expected to take a sweet spot in the global economy. If this happens, Middle East can rise as one of the world’s most powerful regions. Experts claim that this is highly unlikely due to the fact that some of the Middle Eastern countries are on an economic sanction.

Motivations for the Age of Exploration

Motivations for the Age of Exploration During the 1400s, Europeans started venturing beyond their borders to foreign places. This period of time when Europeans explored, colonized, and settled in foreign countries is known as the Age of Exploration. It began in the 15th century and lasted until the 17th century. The event led to numerous advancements in geographic knowledge, and also improved the interactions and trade between countries. Several factors favored Europe as the starting place of exploration. Medieval religious fervor made captains feel it was their duty to convert everyone they met to Christianity. Europe was also in good conditions economically, and its geographic position drove it to find routes to Asia, which then led to the Americas. Both the Renaissance and the Crusades were crucial in the development of the Age of Discovery. Renaissance ideas motivated the Europeans to experience and observe other cultures, giving them the courage to interact with different people. The Crusades also opened the minds of the Europeans which brought them in contact with different goods and religious ideas. After the Renaissance and the Crusades, the Age of Exploration began due to the Europeans’ urge to spread Christianity, their eagerness for fame, their desire for wealth, and the improvements in technology that allowed voyages. A major motive for the Age of Discovery was the religious desire to convert people to Christianity. Bartolomeu Dias, an early Portuguese explorer, stated his motives for voyage: â€Å"To serve God and His Majesty, to give light to those who were in darkness and to grow rich as all men desire to (Miller).† The first two motives stated were both religious goals that Christians hoped to accomplish. Another story that they believed in also motivated them to explore. This was the myth of Prester John (The Myth of Prester John). Although fake, the Europeans believed in this story where the king of the legendary Christian nation had ordered all Christians to join him in a religious battle against the infidels. This myth persuaded many Christians to join the holy wars, or the Crusades, which were extremely important factors of the Age of Exploration. Europeans thought that it was their duty to fulfill God’s wishes and save souls by spreading Christianity. The Crusades played a significant role in building up to the Age of Exploration (The European Voyages of Exploration). It exposed the Europeans to new people and places, giving them the new objective to convert more people to Christianity. Setting up missions was one of the religious goals of exploration. Missionaries that traveled with explorers preached to the natives of different areas to achieve their religious wishes. Francis Xavier was a Jesuit missionary that went to India with the Portuguese explorers (McGrath). He learned the local languages and was able to preach in their native tongue. This was a more effective way of spreading religion which made thousands of people convert to Christianity. Missionaries like Xavier were influential in saving the souls of people from all around the world, completing an objective of exploration. The Age of Exploration developed along with the Renaissance, as these ideas influenced their desires for individual glory. The Renaissance stressed the individual human being, so explorers wanted to earn fame and honor for themselves with successful explorations. People during this time wanted to live enjoyable lives, unlike people during the medieval times who wanted to reach heaven. Because of this, people during the Renaissance worked for themselves and worked to become rich in order to live an enjoyable life. Explorers also wanted to voyage in search of individual wealth and fame. Explorer Christopher Columbus was an example as he worked to achieve fame and fortune (Christopher Columbus). His contract with the Spanish rulers agreed that when he discovered land, he would be given a noble title, could keep ten percent of the riches he found, and would be able to govern the lands he discovered. Kings and queens also wanted glory for their countries, so they promoted exploration. Wit h the invention of the printing press, it became possible for one to become famous for what he or she did. With this in mind, explorers became motivated by personal glory to discover lands in the New World. The â€Å"rebirth† of classical Greek and Roman values that brought many changes to how people thought was created by the Crusades. The holy wars let the Europeans see beyond their own world, sparking their interest in learning which led to the Renaissance. The secular outlook made people think more about religious authority, and also gave them scientific curiosity (Brotton). It was a time when people wanted to learn more about the world. Humanism brought intellectual curiosity about the world to people’s minds, and the discoveries made led to a new age in search of scientific knowledge. The will and courage to learn and understand different cultures made people want to explore and see more around the world (Lecture 2). This idea links with the Renaissance in general, and also the human nature to explore and gain information on the unknown. The search for trade routes that led to wealth was an indispensable cause of European exploration. The Crusades and trade brought the Europeans to spices, silk, and other luxuries. The Europeans demanded spices from the East to add flavor to their bland food, making it extremely valuable. When important trade routes to the East were blocked by the Turks, the explorers embarked to find better ones (FC67). Better trade routes could increase the profit made in the markets of luxuries. Thomas Mun’s ideas on the effects of foreign trade stated in England’s Treasure by Foreign Trade showed how he supported foreign trade since it increased England’s treasury (Koeller). He tells of how England exports more goods than it imports, thus increasing the profit they made from trade. This idea links to mercantilism, where people thought that there was only a limited amount of money in the world. In order to make the kingdom strong, they had to have more wealth than other countr ies. Mercantilism motivated the Europeans to explore and search for trade routes, which could then help them become wealthy and powerful. Before the newer trade routes existed, trade for goods in the East was controlled by the Italians and Muslims. The Muslims sold the goods they got from the East to the Italians at a raised price, and then the Italians also increased the price of the goods sold to Europe in order to make profit. The Europeans were not happy with the amount they had to pay, so they wanted to find a route directly to Asia to bypass the middlemen. Before trade routes were found, a pound of cinnamon cost twenty-four pence, which would have taken a master carpenter three days to earn (Kelley). Although costly, Europeans still considered spices a necessity and were willing to pay large amounts of money for them. In order to acquire these goods and more wealth, explorers searched for trade routes, and the Portuguese accomplished this with their trading empire. Previous costs of spices could be anywhere from ten to a hundred times the original price, so a huge difference was made to these prices after the tra ding empire was created (Munro). It allowed merchants to bring back goods at the original price paid at the source, making it affordable to more Europeans. The Age of Discovery would not have been possible without the geographical knowledge gained during this time. Before maps had improved and included locations on global scales, sailors used the color of skies and waters, the types of vegetation, and also the types of sea birds in the area to identify their location. Later, portolan charts, coastal maps of Europe and the Mediterranean, and global projections were created, giving the Europeans better ideas of the world (FC81). With clear ideas of direction, sailing became a lot easier and explorers were also less likely to sail to the wrong place. Prince Henry the Navigator helped improve the techniques used to explore and map the new lands. He developed the first nautical map that replaced the portolan charts (Briney). The portolan charts kept sailors close to the shore, but the nautical maps allowed them to sail away from land which improved the results of travel, because more could be seen and discovered. Prince Henry also introduced navigational schools to improve the geographical knowledge of explorers. Furthermore, various naval inventions and advancements allowed the oceans to be sailed. Some of the most important were the magnetic compass, the astrolabe, and the changes in shipbuilding (FC81). The compass invented by the Chinese gave a better sense of direction. The astrolabe, perfected by the Muslims, helped determine latitude. Great changes were also made to the European ships. The hulls of the caravels were bulkier and sturdier, allowing voyage in large waves. The southern triangle or lateen sail allowed ships to sail against the wind, which was not possible before. These inventions made sailing overseas an attainable task, leading to the discovery of the various areas separate from Europe. The Age of Exploration was a crucial period of time that made influential differences in not only the history of Europe, but the history of almost the entire world. This event would never have occurred without the Crusades, Renaissance, and advancements in technology. The will to fulfill religious desires, search for wealth, and pursue personal fame drove the Europeans out of the Old World in search of new places over the seas. All the voyages made helped link different countries together, and even influenced the basis of knowledge nowadays. Although the Age of Discovery ended in the 1600s, the effects of it still make significant changes to the world today. Works Cited Briney, Amanda. â€Å"A History of the Age of Exploration.† About Education. About.com, n.d. Web. 28 Sept. 2014. Brotton, Jeremy. â€Å"The Myth of the Renaissance in Europe.† BBC History. BBC, 17 Feb. 2011. Web. 12 Oct. 2014. Butler, John. â€Å"FC67: The Crusades Their Impact.† The Flow of History. Chris Butler, n.d. Web. 16 Nov. 2014. . â€Å"FC81: Early voyages of Exploration.† The Flow of History. Chris Butler, n.d. Web. 19 Nov. 2014. â€Å"Christopher Columbus.† History.com. AE Television Networks, n.d. Web. 21 May 2015. Kelley, Laura. â€Å"The Silk Road Roots of the Age of Exploration.† The Silk Road Gourmet, 24 Feb. 2010. Web. 21 May 2015. Koeller, David. â€Å"Thomas Mun: England’s Treasure by Foreign Trade.† Then Again†¦ David Koeller, n.d. Web. 19 Nov. 2014. Kreis, Steven. â€Å"Lecture 2: The Age of Discovery.† The History Guide. Steve Kreis, 2 May 2011. Web. 12 Oct. 2014. . â€Å"The Myth of Prester John.† The History Guide. Steve Kreis, 11 Oct. 2006. Web. 18 Nov. 2014. McGrath, Jane. â€Å"How Missionaries Work.† HowStuffWorks. HowStuffWorks, 4 June 2009. Web. 24 May 2015. Miller, Jane. â€Å"Explorer Bartolomeu Dias.† ThingLink. ThingLink, n.d. Web. 21 May 2015. Munro, John. â€Å"Oriental Spices and Their Costs in Medieval Cuisine: Luxuries or Necessities?† Spices and Their Costs in Medieval Europe, n.d. Web. 21 May 2015. â€Å"The European Voyages of Exploration: Introduction.† Saylor.org Academy. Saylor Foundation, n.d. Web. 12 Oct. 2014.

Macbeth Does Not Deserve Our Sympathy Essay -- Macbeth essays

Macbeth  Does Not Deserve Our Sympathy    Our first impressions of Macbeth are that he is a hero, he is brave and fearless, and although we get this impression we also get the feeling that he is ruthless. We get this impression from the way he is referred to when his name is first mentioned. Macbeth has just been in battle against "The merciless Macdonwald" and a Captain is talking about how Macbeth and his fellow Captain, Banquo, performed in battle. While Macbeth is in battle the Thane of Cawdor is found to be a traitor and executed. The King, Duncan, hears of Macbeth's bravery and grants him the Thane's title. This leads us to believe that Macbeth is brave enough to deserve such a distinguished title. For Brave Macbeth - well he deserves that name Act 1 scene 2. Line 16 Till he unseamed him from the nave to the chops, Act 1 scene 2. Line 22 In Act 1 scene three the three Witches have gathered to prepare a spell for Macbeth. Macbeth and Banquo come across the three weird sisters and discuss how horrible they are. The witches begin to tell Macbeth that he will become Thane of Cawdor and then the King of Scotland. Macbeth initially wants to know more of what the witches are telling him, then dismisses their predictions as impossible. But how of Cawdor? The Thane of Cawdor lives Act 1 scene 3. Line 71 Before the murder of Duncan the King, Macbeth seems to be a moral person as he knows what is right and what is wrong. He wonders about the consequences of killing Duncan to become King of Scotland as he knows this is wrong. He tries to hide the things he is thinking from Duncan as he knows what he is thinking of is wrong because Duncan is a good friend. Almost from the moment he finds out that the witch's prediction ... ...o kill Macduff even if it means sacrificing himself. Tell thee Macduff was from his mother's womb untimely ripped Act 5 scene 6 line 54-55 I will not yield Act 5 scene 6 line 66 Yet I will try the last. Before my body I throw my warlike shield. Act 5 scene 6 line 71-72 Works Cited and Consulted Bradley, A.C. Shakespearean Tragedy. Toronto: Penguin Books Canada Ltd., 1991. Campbell, Lily B. Shakespeare’s Tragic Heroes, Slaves of Passion. Gloucester: Peter Smith Publisher Inc., 1973. Hawkes, Terence. Twentieth Century Interpretations of Macbeth. New Jersey: Prentice-Hall Inc., 1977. Hunter, G.K. â€Å"Macbeth in the Twentieth Century.† Aspects of Macbeth. Ed. Kenneth Muir and Philip Edwards. Shakespeare, William. Macbeth. Oxford: OUP, 1994. Scott, Mark W. (Editor). Shakespeare for Students. Gale Research Inc. Detroit, Michigan. 1992